Freeze-Dried or Air-Dried?A Practical Comparison Using Hawthorn as a Case Study
Introduction In the dried fruit ingredient market, preservation is often treated as a technical detail rather than a defining factor. Many buyers assume that once moisture is removed, fruits become functionally similar. In reality, the method used to remove water fundamentally reshapes fruit structure, stability, and downstream performance. Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) offers a particularly instructive […]
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